Improvement in pens



E1 s. JOHNSON.

PEN.

No. 191,154. 4 Patented May 22, 1877.

UN TE EPHRAIM JOHNSON. 0F JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY.

IMPROVEMENT IN PENS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 191,154, dated May 22,1877; application filed April 10, 1877.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EPHRAIM S. JOHNSON, of Jersey City, Hudson county,and State of New Jersey, have invented new and useful Improvements inGold Pens; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear,and exact description thereof, reference being bad to the accompanyingdrawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, making a partof this specification.

This invention relates to improvements in gold pens, and has for itsobject the production of a uniform stifi'ness to each pen belonging to acertain size and grade of stifl'ness, the stifi'ness being increased ordiminished without increasing or diminishing the thickness or quantityof the metal. By this means several difl'erent grades of stiffness maybe made out of the same size of pen, all containing the same quantity ofmetal, so that a person living at a distance from the manufacturer canorder understandingly just what he wants. This has always been a greatdesideratum sought by manufacturers of gold pens.

The nature of my invention consists in making corrugations orindentations, that may be of any design of figure or form, located uponeach side of the nib or bifurcated portion of the pen, so as to stiffenthe metal.

I have found it more practical and preferable to make one, two, three,more or less, corrugations running or extending from a point in thelongitudinal center line of the pen diagonally to the outer edge of thenib between the point and body of the pen. The number and location ofthese corrugations or ribs determine the degree of stiffness desired tobe imparted to it.

To enable others skilled. in the art to make and use my invention, Iwill proceed to describe its construction.

Figure I represents a gold pen made with two corrugations on each sideof the nib. Fig. II represents the same as Fig. 1, except it has onecorrugation or rib. Fig. III is the same as Figs-I and II, except it hasthree corrugations or ribs. Fig. IV is a transverse section on line w wof 'Fig. II.

Letters of like name and kind indicate like parts in each of thefigures.

A A A, in Figs. I, II, and III, represent gold pens, the bodies of whichare made in the ordinary way as to form. a, a represent corrugations,one on each side of the nib, made with suitable dies. The corrugations,being impressed upon the inside of the pen, form reservoirs or fountainsfor ink, and cause or side or back of the pen. This formation addsproduce ridges or elevations upon the outmaterially to the stifl'ness ofthe pen, and makes every one struck up in the same dies uniform instiffness, which cannot be done by any other known means or process. InFig.

I are shown two corrugations on each side of the nib, which gives it agreater degree of stiffness, and in Fig. III are three corrugations orribs, which gives still more stiffness to the pen.

To each size or number of pens I make three or more grades of stiffness,which I designate by the letters A B O, and so on, 0 being stiffer orharder than B.

It will be seen that the stiffness of the pen depends on the number ofcorrugations made in it.

I do not confine myself to any specific form or design of corrugationsmade in the nib of a pen for graduating its stiffness, as they may bevaried without affecting, materially, the object of my invention.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is- A gold penconstructed with corrugations in its nib, substantially as shown anddescribed, for the purpose of definitely graduating said pen as tostifiness.

.EPHRAIM S. JOHNSON.

Witnesses:

MORRIS RICHTER, CHARLES ROGERS.

